Knowledge integration: A framework for putting knowledge to action in complex systems

Best, A., Hiatt, R.A., Norman, C.D., & National Cancer Institute of Canada Joint Working Group on Translational Research and Knowledge Integration of the Advisory Committee for Research and the Joint Advisory Committee for Cancer Control. (2008). Knowledge integration: conceptualizing communications in cancer control systems. Patient Education and Counseling, 71(3):319-27.

Description

This framework helps translate knowledge related to cancer into cancer innovations across sectors, coined as knowledge integration. Different expertise, terminology and terms are barriers to the effective communication of knowledge gained in basic science, clinical services and public health practice. Suboptimal communication results in a gap between knowledge production and knowledge application.

This framework goes beyond "bench to beside" and "bench to trench" models and considers the complex multi-level and multi-sectoral system in which knowledge must be transferred and translated to improve population health.

Steps for Using Method/Tool

Knowledge integration is defined as the effective incorporation of knowledge into the decisions, practices and policies of organizations and systems.

The framework advances a systems approach to knowledge translation and the need to change or enhance individual, organization and network connections. The nature of "systems" includes:

Organizational structures
Processes and contexts
Funders
Timelines
Expectations
Accountability
Decision making and incentives for change

The framework outlines the following elements that aim to guide both research and application:

Shared language
Illustration of key linkages across sectors
Systematic approach to synthesize existing knowledge and identify priority initiatives
Reflection on values

The model depicted involves the following key areas in linking intervention research, fundamental research, program delivery, and surveillance and monitoring:

Accountability
Ethics
Efficiency
Empowerment

The authors also performed a review of the evidence that supports the concept of knowledge integration.

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